276 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study reveals that in budding yeast, the nuclear enzyme Pct1 acts as a lipid sensor that couples phosphatidylcholine synthesis to membrane biogenesis by reversibly associating with the inner nuclear membrane in response to lipid packing defects, thereby preventing uncontrolled organelle growth when homeostasis is disrupted.
This study demonstrates that physiological oxidative stress does not interfere with ADO-catalyzed N-terminal cysteine-dependent proteolysis of RGS4/5, while cytotoxic oxidative stress stabilizes these proteins through an N-terminal cysteine-independent mechanism potentially linked to ferroptosis.
By integrating single-nucleus multimodal profiling with experimental validation, this study reveals that NFIA and NFIB transcription factors drive the bifurcation of hiPSCs from a neurogenic to a chondrogenic cell fate, offering critical insights for advancing regenerative cartilage therapies.
This paper presents an interpretable 3D Bag-of-Visual-Words pipeline that extracts biologically meaningful features from complex volumetric microscopy data to enable accurate classification and localization of discriminative structures across diverse imaging conditions.
This study presents the first characterization of organelle inheritance in the multi-budding yeast *Aureobasidium pullulans*, revealing that while mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum are evenly distributed to all buds, vacuoles and peroxisomes are inherited variably, a mechanism potentially crucial for the fungus's adaptability to diverse environments.
By curating and analyzing the topological determinants of nearly 5,000 human membrane proteins, this study reveals that single-pass and multipass proteins exhibit distinct structural patterns, with the TMD-pair serving as a key functional building block for multipass proteins, thereby offering new insights into the biogenesis, evolution, and engineering of membrane proteomes.
This study demonstrates that epithelial-specific knockdown of NCAPD3 in mice compromises intestinal barrier integrity and antimicrobial defense, leading to exacerbated tissue injury and inflammation under chemical or microbial stress, thereby identifying NCAPD3 as a critical regulator of mucosal host defense and a potential factor in inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility.
This study utilizes a high-biomimetic tumor organoid-CAF co-culture model on an IBAC chip to demonstrate how cancer-associated fibroblasts impede CAR-T cell efficacy through physical and chemical barriers, thereby offering a superior platform for evaluating CAR-T therapies in solid tumors compared to traditional models.
This study demonstrates that fenofibrate, but not its active metabolite fenofibric acid, alters the ultrastructure and mechanical properties of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells by reducing fenestration porosity and cytoskeletal organization without causing cytotoxicity, suggesting that endothelial dysfunction may contribute to fenofibrate-associated liver injury.
This study demonstrates that Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) extends the lifespan of *Caenorhabditis elegans* by engaging evolutionarily conserved nutrient-sensing pathways, inducing phenotypes similar to caloric restriction such as reduced reproduction and body size without decreasing food intake.